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Population: |
  
1,313,973,713 (July 2006 est.) |
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Age structure: |
0-14 years: 20.8% (male 145,461,833/female 128,445,739)
15-64 years: 71.4% (male 482,439,115/female
455,960,489)
65 years and over: 7.7% (male 48,562,635/female 53,103,902) (2006 est.) |
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Median age: |
total: 32.7 years
male: 32.3 years
female: 33.2 years (2006 est.) |
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Population growth rate: |
0.59% (2006 est.) |
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Birth rate: |
13.25 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
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Death rate: |
6.97 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
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Net migration rate: |
-0.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
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Sex ratio: |
at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate: |
total: 23.12 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 20.6 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 25.94
deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth: |
total population: 72.58 years
male: 70.89 years
female: 74.46 years (2006 est.) |
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Total fertility rate: |
1.73 children born/woman (2006 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: |
0.1% (2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: |
840,000 (2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths: |
44,000 (2003 est.) |
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Nationality: |
noun: Chinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Chinese |
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Ethnic groups: |
Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%
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Religions: |
Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2%
note: officially atheist (2002 est.) |
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Languages: |
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou),
Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) |
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Literacy: |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90.9%
male: 95.1%
female:
86.5% (2002) |
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Country name: |
conventional long form: People's Republic of China
conventional short form: China
local long
form: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo
local short form: Zhongguo
abbreviation: PRC |
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Government type: |
Communist state |
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Capital: |
name: Beijing
geographic coordinates: 39 56 N, 116 24 E
time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours
ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
note: despite its size, all of China falls within one time zone |
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Administrative divisions: |
23 provinces (sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural), and 4 municipalities
(shi, singular and plural)
provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan,
Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; (see note
on Taiwan)
autonomous regions: Guangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Xizang (Tibet)
municipalities:
Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin
note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province; see separate entries for
the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau |
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Independence: |
221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October
1949 (People's Republic established) |
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National holiday: |
Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October (1949) |
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Constitution: |
most recent promulgation 4 December 1982 |
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Legal system: |
based on civil law system; derived from Soviet and continental civil code legal principles; legislature retains power
to interpret statutes; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
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Suffrage: |
18 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch: |
chief of state: President HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003) and Vice President ZENG Qinghong (since 15 March 2003)
head of government: Premier WEN Jiabao (since 16 March 2003); Executive Vice Premier HUANG Ju (since 17 March 2003),
Vice Premiers WU Yi (17 March 2003), ZENG Peiyan (since 17 March 2003), and HUI Liangyu (since 17 March 2003)
cabinet:
State Council appointed by the National People's Congress (NPC)
elections: president and vice president elected
by the National People's Congress for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held 15-17 March 2003
(next to be held mid-March 2008); premier nominated by the president, confirmed by the National People's Congress
election
results: HU Jintao elected president by the 10th National People's Congress with a total of 2,937 votes (four delegates
voted against him, four National People's Congress with a total of 2,578 votes (177 delegates voted against him, 190
abstained, and 38 did not vote); two seats were vacant |
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maritime, and railway transport courts) |
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Political parties and leaders: |
Chinese Communist Party or CCP [HU Jintao]; eight registered small parties controlled by CCP |
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Political pressure groups and leaders: |
no substantial political opposition groups exist, although the government has identified the Falungong spiritual movement
and the China Democracy Party as subversive groups |
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International organization participation: |
AfDB, APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BCIE, BIS, CDB, EAS, FAO, G-24 (observer), G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MIGA,
MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SCO, UN, UN Security Council,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WTO, ZC |
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Diplomatic representation in the US: |
chief of mission: Ambassador ZHOU Wenzhong
chancery: 2300 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 328-2500
FAX: [1] (202) 328-2582
consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston,
Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco |
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Diplomatic representation from the US: |
chief of mission: Ambassador Clark T. RANDT, Jr.
embassy: Xiu Shui Bei Jie 3, 100600 Beijing
mailing
address: PSC 461, Box 50, FPO AP 96521-0002
telephone: [86] (10) 6532-3831
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